classical tautology

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• Intuitionistic logic — Intuitionistic logic, or constructive logic, is a symbolic logic system differing from classical logic in its definition of the meaning of a statement being true. In classical logic, all well formed statements are assumed to be either true or… …   Wikipedia

• Markov's principle — Markov s principle, named after Andrey Markov Jr, is a classical tautology that is not intuitionistically valid but that may be justified by constructive means. There are many equivalent formulations of Markov s principle. Contents 1 Statements… …   Wikipedia

• Church's thesis (constructive mathematics) — In constructive mathematics, Church s thesis is the mathematical assertion that all total functions are recursive. It gets its name after the informal Church–Turing thesis, which states that every algorithm is in fact a recursive function, but… …   Wikipedia

• Propositional calculus — In mathematical logic, a propositional calculus or logic (also called sentential calculus or sentential logic) is a formal system in which formulas of a formal language may be interpreted as representing propositions. A system of inference rules… …   Wikipedia

• Logical truth — is one of the most fundamental concepts in logic, and there are different theories on its nature. A logical truth is a statement which is true and remains true under all reinterpretations of its components other than its logical constants. It is… …   Wikipedia

• Contradiction — In classical logic, a contradiction consists of a logical incompatibility between two or more propositions. It occurs when the propositions, taken together, yield two conclusions which form the logical, usually opposite inversions of each other.… …   Wikipedia

• metalogic — /met euh loj ik/, n. the logical analysis of the fundamental concepts of logic. [1835 45; META + LOGIC] * * * Study of the syntax and the semantics of formal languages and formal systems. It is related to, but does not include, the formal… …   Universalium

• Boolean algebra — This article discusses the subject referred to as Boolean algebra. For the mathematical objects, see Boolean algebra (structure). Boolean algebra, as developed in 1854 by George Boole in his book An Investigation of the Laws of Thought,[1] is a… …   Wikipedia

• Outline of logic — The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to logic: Logic – formal science of using reason, considered a branch of both philosophy and mathematics. Logic investigates and classifies the structure of statements and… …   Wikipedia

• Entailment — For other uses, see Entail (disambiguation). In logic, entailment is a relation between a set of sentences (e.g.,[1] meaningfully declarative sentences or truthbearers) and a sentence. Let Γ be a set of one or more sentences; let S1 be the… …   Wikipedia

• epistemology — epistemological /i pis teuh meuh loj i keuhl/, adj. epistemologically, adv. epistemologist, n. /i pis teuh mol euh jee/, n. a branch of philosophy that investigates the origin, nature, methods, and limits of human knowledge. [1855 60; < Gk… …   Universalium